Nama Latin
Basella rubra L.
Taksonomi
- Kingdom : Plantae
- Divisi : Magnoliophyta
- Kelas : Magnoliopsida
- Ordo : Caryophyllales
- Famili : Basellaceae
- Genus : Basella
- Spesies : Basella rubra L. (Arnida, 2023)
Definisi Umum
Gendola merupakan tanaman merambat berbatang lunak yang memiliki warna batang kemerahan hingga ungu. Daunnya berbentuk bulat telur, berdaging tebal, dan berwarna hijau hingga hijau kemerahan. Tanaman ini tumbuh baik di daerah lembap dengan intensitas cahaya sedang hingga tinggi.
Selain dimanfaatkan sebagai sayuran, gendola telah lama digunakan sebagai tanaman obat tradisional oleh masyarakat karena kandungan metabolit sekundernya cukup tinggi. Bagian yang paling sering dimanfaatkan adalah daun, batang, dan buahnya.
Kandungan
- Flavonoid
- Alkaloid
- Saponin
- Tanin
- Fenolik total
- Antosianin
- Betalain
- Vitamin A
- Vitamin C
- Zat besi
- Kalsium
- Serat pangan
Khasiat
Secara tradisional maupun berdasarkan hasil penelitian, tanaman gendola memiliki beberapa manfaat, yaitu:
- Sebagai antioksidan alami
- Membantu menurunkan kadar gula darah
- Berpotensi sebagai antidiabetes
- Membantu menurunkan kadar kolesterol
- Bersifat antiinflamasi
- Membantu mempercepat penyembuhan luka
- Memiliki aktivitas antibakteri
- Membantu menjaga kesehatan pencernaan
- Berpotensi sebagai antikanker melalui aktivitas sitotoksik sel tertentu
Cara Pengolahan
Daun muda gendola dapat dicuci bersih lalu dimasak sebagai sayuran, ditumis, direbus, atau dijadikan lalapan.
Daftar Pustaka
- Arnida, A., Kurnia, D., & Sutomo. 2023. Pharmacognostic Characteristics and Antioxidant Activity of Gendola Stem (Basella rubra L.) Ethanol Extract from South Kalimantan. Pharmacognosy Journal.
- Vita, A. D., Fatimah, N., & Murtiwi, S. 2019. Efek Antidiabetik Ekstrak Daun Gendola (Basella rubra L.) terhadap Kadar Gula Darah Tikus Putih. Jurnal Medik Veteriner.
- Lukiati, B. 2014. Penentuan Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Kandungan Fenol Total Ekstrak Daun Gendola (Basella rubra Linn). Proceeding Biology Education Conference.
- Fahni, Y., dkk. 2023. Pengaruh Rasio Bahan dan Pelarut Etanol terhadap Karakteristik Warna dan Kadar Antosianin dalam Ekstrak Buah Gendola (Basella rubra). Jurnal Integrasi Proses.
Gendola (Basella rubra L)
Latin Name
Basella rubra L.
Taxonomy
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Magnoliophyta
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Caryophyllales
Family: Basellaceae
Genus: Basella
Species: Basella rubra L. (Arnida, 2023)
General Definition
Gendola is a climbing plant with soft stems that range in color from reddish to purple. Its leaves are oval-shaped, thick, and green to reddish-green. This plant grows well in humid areas with moderate to high light intensity.
In addition to being used as a vegetable, gendola has long been used as a traditional medicinal plant by local communities because it contains a high level of secondary metabolites. The parts most commonly used are the leaves, stems, and fruits.
Content
Flavonoids
Alkaloids
Saponins
Tannins
Total phenolics
Anthocyanins
Betalains
Vitamin A
Vitamin C
Iron
Calcium
Dietary fiber
Benefits
Traditionally and based on research findings, the gendola plant has several benefits, including:
– Acts as a natural antioxidant
– Helps lower blood sugar levels
– Potentially anti-diabetic
– Helps reduce cholesterol levels
– Has anti-inflammatory properties
– Helps speed up wound healing
– Has antibacterial activity
– Helps maintain digestive health
– Potentially anti-cancer through cytotoxic activity on certain cells
How to Prepare
Young gendola leaves can be washed clean and then cooked as a vegetable, stir-fried, boiled, or eaten raw as a side dish.
References
Arnida, A., Kurnia, D., & Sutomo. 2023. Pharmacognostic Characteristics and Antioxidant Activity of Gendola Stem (Basella rubra L.) Ethanol Extract from South Kalimantan. Pharmacognosy Journal.
Vita, A. D., Fatimah, N., & Murtiwi, S. 2019. Antidiabetic Effect of Gendola Leaf (Basella rubra L.) Extract on Blood Glucose Levels in White Rats. Journal of Veterinary Medicine.
Lukiati, B. 2014. Determination of Antioxidant Activity and Total Phenol Content of Gendola Leaf (Basella rubra Linn) Extract. Proceedings of the Biology Education Conference.
Fahni, Y., et al. 2023. Effect of Material and Ethanol Solvent Ratio on Color Characteristics and Anthocyanin Levels in Gendola Fruit (Basella rubra) Extract. Journal of Process Integration.