Nama Latin
Plectranthus scutellarioides (L.) R. Br.
Taksonomi
Devisi : Spermatophyta
Class : Dicotylendonae
Ordo : Solanales
Family : Lamiaceae
Genus : Coleus
Spesies : Plectranthus scutellarioides (L) R. Br
(Elfianis, 2021).
Deskripsi Umum
Tanaman iler memiliki banyak sinonim, seperti Coleus atropurpureus Benth, Coleus scutellarioides (L) Benth, Coleus blumei Benth, Solenostemon scutellarioides (L) Codd. Nama daerah di Indonesia dikenal dengan si gesing (Batak), jawer kotok (Sunda), kentangan (Jawa), ati-ati, saru-saru (Bugis), majana (Madura) dan adang-adang (Padang) (Elfanis, 2021).
Kandungan
Daun iler memiliki berbagai kandungan senyawa kimia seperti minyak atsiri, alkaloid, flavonoid, tannin, saponin dan turunan fenolik/polifenol. Hal ini dibuktikan oleh penelitian Mpila et al., (2012) yang menyatakan bahwa daun iler mengandung minyak atsiri, saponin, flavonoid dan polifenol, begitu juga dengan beberapa penelitian setelahnya. Auliawan et al. (2014) melakukan penapisan fitokimia terhadap ekstrak daun iler menunjukkan bahwa hasil uji tabung positif terhadap keberadaan alkaloid, flavonoid, tannin dan saponin. Flavonoid adalah salah satu senyawa fenolik yang dapat memproteksi sel beta pankreas dari radikal bebas dengan bersifat sebagai antioksidan, selain itu flavonoid mampu menghambat enzim alfa glukosidase yang berfungsi memecah karbohidrat. Penghambatan enzim alfa glukosidase ini menyebabkan penundaan penyerapan glukosa sehingga mampu menurunkan kadar gula dalam darah (Fitrianto dan Priyo, 2010).
Khasiat
Antioksidan, Antibakteri, Imunomodulator, Antihistamin, Antihelmintik, Mukolitik
Cara Pengolahan
Obat Batuk dan Demam (Seduhan):
Siapkan 5 lembar daun muda dan 15 cm batang atas tanaman iler, lalu cuci bersih.
Rebus dengan 300 ml air hingga mendidih.
Air rebusan diminum setelah hangat.
Obat Batuk Berdahak dan Asma (Perasan):
Ambil 7-10 lembar daun miana/iler, cuci bersih.
Tumbuk halus daun tersebut
Seduh dengan sedikit air panas, lalu saring.
Tambahkan madu untuk mengurangi rasa pahit (opsional) lalu minum
Daftar Pustaka
Alzamani, L. M., Marbun, M. R., Purwanti, M. E., Salsabilla, R., & Rahmah, S. (2022). Ulkus Kronis : Mengenali Ulkus Dekubitus dan Ulkus Diabetikum. Jurnal Nasional Indonesia, 2(02), 272–286. American Diabetes Association. (2018). Standards of medical care in diabetes – 2021 abridged for primary care providers. Clinical Diabetes, 39(1), 14–43. https://doi.org/10.2337/cd21-as01 American Diabetes Association. (2022). Professional Practice Committee: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2022. Diabetes Care, 45(January), S3. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc22-SPPC Anita, Basarang, M., Arisanti, D., Rahmawati, & Fatmawati, A. (2019). Analisis Daya Hambat Esktrak Etanol Daun Miana (Coleus atropurpureus) terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Vibrio Cholera. Seminar Nasional Sains, Teknologi, Dan Sosial Humaniora Uit 2019, 1(1), 1–9. Bela, Preyendiswara, A. (2021). Manfaat Dan Budidaya Daun Miana. Universitas Tarumanegara, Jakarta.
Iler (Plectranthus scutellarioides (L.) R. Br.)
Latin Name
Plectranthus scutellarioides (L.) R. Br.
Taxonomy
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Spermatophyta
Class: Dicotylendonae
Order: Solanales
Family: Lamiaceae
Genus: Coleus
Species: Plectranthus scutellarioides (L) R. Br
(Elfianis, 2021).
General Description
Coleus plants have many synonyms, such as Coleus atropurpureus Benth, Coleus scutellarioides (L) Benth, Coleus blumei Benth, Solenostemon scutellarioides (L) Codd. Regional names in Indonesia include si gesing (Batak), jawer kotok (Sunda), kentangan (Javanese), ati-ati, saru-saru (Bugis), majana (Madura), and adang-adang (Padang) (Elfanis, 2021).
Iler leaves contain various chemical compounds such as essential oils, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and phenolic/polyphenol derivatives. This is supported by research from Mpila et al., (2012) which stated that iler leaves contain essential oils, saponins, flavonoids, and polyphenols, and so do several subsequent studies. Auliawan et al. (2014) conducted a phytochemical screening on iler leaf extracts and showed that the test tube results were positive for the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins. Flavonoids are one type of phenolic compound that can protect pancreatic beta cells from free radicals by acting as antioxidants. Additionally, flavonoids can inhibit the enzyme alpha-glucosidase, which functions to break down carbohydrates. This inhibition of the alpha-glucosidase enzyme delays glucose absorption, which can help lower blood sugar levels (Fitrianto and Priyo, 2010).
Benefits
Antioxidant, Antibacterial, Immunomodulator, Antihistamine, Antihelminthic, Mucolytic
How to Prepare
Cough and Fever Remedy (Infusion):
Prepare 5 young leaves and 15 cm of the top stem of the iler plant, then wash thoroughly.
Boil with 300 ml of water until it boils.
Drink the decoction while warm.
Remedy for Phlegmy Cough and Asthma (Juice):
Take 7-10 leaves of miana/iler, wash thoroughly.
Pound the leaves into a fine paste.
Steep with a little hot water, then strain.
Add honey to reduce the bitterness (optional), then drink.
References
Alzamani, L. M., Marbun, M. R., Purwanti, M. E., Salsabilla, R., & Rahmah, S. (2022). Chronic Ulcers: Recognizing Decubitus Ulcers and Diabetic Ulcers. Indonesian National Journal, 2(02), 272–286. American Diabetes Association. (2018). Standards of medical care in diabetes – 2021 abridged for primary care providers. Clinical Diabetes, 39(1), 14–43. https://doi.org/10.2337/cd21-as01 American Diabetes Association. (2022). Professional Practice Committee: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2022. Diabetes Care, 45(January), S3. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc22-SPPC Anita, Basarang, M., Arisanti, D., Rahmawati, & Fatmawati, A. (2019). Analysis of the Inhibitory Effect of Ethanol Extract of Miana Leaves (Coleus atropurpureus) on Staphylococcus aureus and Vibrio Cholera. National Seminar on Science, Technology, and Social Humanities Uit 2019, 1(1), 1–9. Bela, Preyendiswara, A. (2021). Benefits and Cultivation of Miana Leaves. Tarumanagara University, Jakarta.