Nama Tumbuhan
Bugenvil (Bougenvillea spectabilis Wild)
Taksonomi Tumbuhan
Kingdom : Plantae
Divisi : Magnoliophyta
Kelas : Magnoliopsida
Ordo : Caryophyllales
Famili : Nyctaginaceae
Genus : Bougenvillea
Spesies: Bougenvillea spectabilis Wild.
(Nurin Afrina, et al 2023)
Definisi Umum
Bougenville atau disebut sebagai “Bunga Kertas” merupakan salah satu jenis tanaman yang banyak kita jumpai di wilayah tropis seperti Indonesia. Bunga ini dinamakan bunga kertas karena memiliki kelopak dengan tekstur yang mirip kertas (Fadillah et al., 2020). Tanaman bunga kertas merupakan tanaman yang sangat cocok ditanam di daerah yang panas karena tanaman bunga kertas tidak memerlukan banyak udara. Tanaman bunga kertas termasuk ke dalam tanaman bunga tropis. Tanah yang digunakan untuk budidaya tanaman bunga kertas adalah tanah yang agak kering (Hannia et al., 2021). Tanaman bunga kertas biasanya dapat tumbuh mencapai 1-15 meter. Tekstur batang yang keras dan memiliki percabangan yang banyak dan juga ditumbuhi duri tajam pada bagian batang dan cabangnya. Bentuk bunganya berukuran kecil dan menyerupai terompet terdiri dari kelopak dan di lapisi dengan selundang bunga (Umaternate et al., 2022).
Kandungan
Kandungan senyawa aktif yang terdapat dalam tanaman bougenville berupa alkaloid, saponin, flavonoid, fenol, glikosida, tanin, furanoid, dan sejumlah kecol glukosa (Simatupang et al., 2021).
Khasiat
Khasiat atau manfaat dari tanaman bunga kertas (bougenville) adalah bunga dan daun bunga kertas memiliki aktivitas antioksidan, antiinflamasi, antiulcer, antidiabetes, antidiarrheal, dan antimikroba (Abarca, 2018).
Cara Pengolahan
Tumbuhan bugenvil secara tradisional dapat digunakan untuk mengobati bisul, hepatitis, dan keputihan dengan cara meminum air rebusan bunga bugenvil (Ambasalu et al., 2015).
Daftar Pustaka
Abarca-Vargas, R., & Petricevich, V.L. (2018). Bougainvilleagenus: A review on phytochemistry,pharmacology, and toxicology. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/9070927
Ambasalu, T. G., Ardana, M., & Masruhim, M. A. (2015). Uji Aktivitas Antiinflamasi Ekstrak Etanol Bunga Bugenvil (Bougainvillea spectabilis) terhadap tikus putih galur wistar. https://doi.org/10.25026/mpc.v2i1.31
Fadillah, M. R., Andika, B., & Saripurna, D. (2020). Sistem Pakar Mendiagnosa Penyakit Dan Hama Penyerang Tanaman Bougenville Dengan Metode Teorema Bayes. Jurnal SAINTIKOM (Jurnal Sains Manajemen Informatika Dan Komputer), 19(1), 88-99. https://doi.org/10.53513/jis.v19i1.229
Hannia, D. J., Oktiansyah, R., Ekaprasetio, A., Putri, A., & Arief, A. (2021, September). Pengaruh Panjang Entres Tanaman Bunga Kertas (Bougainvillea spectabilis) dengan Metode Grafting di UPTD Balai Pengembangan dan Produksi Benih Tanaman Pangan. In Prosiding Seminar Nasional Biologi (Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 79-87). https://doi.org/10.24036/prosemnasbio/vol1
Simatupang, R. A., Tombuku, J. L., Pareta, D. N., & Lengkey, Y. K. (2021). Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Bunga Bougenville Bougainvillea glabra Sebagai Antioksidan. Biofarmasetikal Tropis (The Tropical Journal of Biopharmaceutical), 4(1), 30-39. https://doi.org/10.55724/j.biofar.trop.v4i1.305Umaternate, H., Munawar, S., & Soamole, R. (2022). Karakteristik morfologi bunga kertas (Bougenville). JBES: Journal of Biology Education and Science, 2(2), 76-85. https://jurnal.stkipkieraha.ac.id/index.php/jbes
Bugenvil (Bougenvillea spectabilis Wild)
Plant Name
Bougainvillea (Bougenvillea spectabilis Wild)
Plant Taxonomy
Kingdom : Plantae
Division : Magnoliophyta
Class : Magnoliopsida
Order : Caryophyllales
Family : Nyctaginaceae
Genus : Bougenvillea
Species: Bougenvillea spectabilis Wild.
(Nurin Afrina, et al 2023)
General Definition
Bougainvillea, also known as the “Paper Flower,” is a type of plant commonly found in tropical regions such as Indonesia. It is called the paper flower because its petals have a texture similar to paper (Fadillah et al., 2020). The paper flower plant is highly suitable for cultivation in hot regions because it does not require much water. It is classified as a tropical flowering plant. The soil used for cultivating the paper flower plant should be slightly dry (Hannia et al., 2021). Paper flowers typically grow to a height of 1–15 meters. The stems are hard, heavily branched, and covered with sharp thorns on both the stems and branches. The flowers are small and trumpet-shaped, consisting of petals and covered with a calyx (Umaternate et al., 2022).
Components
The active compounds found in bougainvillea include alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, phenols, glycosides, tannins, furanodis, and various glucose derivatives (Simatupang et al., 2021).
Benefits
The benefits of the bougainvillea plant include the fact that its flowers and leaves possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcer, antidiabetic, antidiarrheal, and antimicrobial properties (Abarca, 2018).
Method of Preparation
Traditionally, the bougainvillea plant can be used to treat boils, hepatitis, and vaginal discharge by drinking a decoction of bougainvillea flowers (Ambasalu et al., 2015).
References
Abarca-Vargas, R., & Petricevich, V.L. (2018). Bougainvillea genus: A review on phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicinehttps://doi.org/10.1155/2018/9070927
Ambasalu, T. G., Ardana, M., & Masruhim, M. A. (2015). Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory activity of Bougainvillea spectabilis flower ethanol extract in Wistar rats. https://doi.org/10.25026/mpc.v2i1.31
Fadillah, M. R., Andika, B., & Saripurna, D. (2020). Expert System for Diagnosing Diseases and Pests Affecting Bougainvillea Plants Using Bayes’ Theorem. Jurnal SAINTIKOM (Journal of Science, Management, Informatics, and Computer Science), 19(1), 88-99. https://doi.org/10.53513/jis.v19i1.229
Hannia, D. J., Oktiansyah, R., Ekaprasetio, A., Putri, A., & Arief, A. (September 2021). The Effect of Cutting Length on Paper Flower (Bougainvillea spectabilis) Plants Using the Grafting Method at the UPTD Center for the Development and Production of Food Crop Seeds. In Proceedings of the National Biology Seminar (Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 79-87). https://doi.org/10.24036/prosemnasbio/vol1
Simatupang, R. A., Tombuku, J. L., Pareta, D. N., & Lengkey, Y. K. (2021). Antioxidant Activity Test of Bougainvillea glabra Flower Extract. Biofarmasetikal Tropis (The Tropical Journal of Biopharmaceutical), 4(1), 30–39. https://doi.org/10.55724/j.biofar.trop.v4i1.305Umaternate H., Munawar S., & Soamole R. (2022). Morphological characteristics of paper flowers (Bougainvillea). JBES: Journal of Biology Education and Science, 2(2), 76-85. https://jurnal.stkipkieraha.ac.id/index.php/jbes